Bottles of some notable commercial perfumes: (clockwise from top left) Bois De Violette, Serge Lutens, 1992; Angel, Thierry Mugler, 1994; Shalimar, Guerlain, 1925; Beyond Paradise, Estée Lauder, 2003; No. 5, Chanel, 1921 (Pre-1950 bottle); Cabochard, Parfums Grès, 1959 (original bottle); Bellodgia, Caron, 1927; Arpège, Lanvin, 1927 (original bottle); Nombre Noir, Shiseido, 1981; Mitsouko, Guerlain, 1919; Pour Un Homme, Caron, 1934.Shelves of perfumesEgyptian scene depicting the preparation of Lily perfume
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Perfume & Cologne

Perfume is a mixture of fragrant essential oils and aroma compounds, fixatives, and solvents used to give the human body, objects, and living spaces a lasting and pleasant smell. more...

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The amount and type of solvent mix with the fragrance oil dictates whether a perfume is considered a perfume extract, Eau de parfum, Eau de toilette, or Eau de Cologne.

Description of a perfume

It is impossible to describe a perfume according to its components because the exact formulas are kept secret. Even if the formulas are known, the ingredients are often too numerous to provide a useful classification. On the other hand, it is possible to group perfumes into olfactive families and describe them through the notes that appear as they slowly evaporate. Perfumes can also be classified according to their concentration.

Olfactive families

Traditionally, fragrances can be classified into several olfactive families, by the themes, or accords, of these fragrances.

  • Floral: Fragrances that are dominated by the scent of one or more types of flowers. When only one flower is used, it is called a soliflore (as in Dior's Diorissimo, with jasmine).
  • Chypre: Fragrances build on a similar base consisting of bergamot, jasmine and oakmoss. This family of fragrances is named after a perfume by François Coty by the same name. Meaning Cyprus in French, the term alludes to where this base was inspired. This fragrance family is characterized by a scent reminiscent of apricot and custard.
  • Aldehydic: Fragrances that incorporate the family of chemicals known as aldehydes. Chanel No 5 was the first aldehydic perfume (created by the royal Russian perfumer Ernest Beaux in 1921). Others include Je Reviens and Arpege. Aldehydic perfumes have the characteristic "piquant" note produced by materials like Aldehyde C12 MNA.
  • Fougère: Fragrances built on a base of lavender, coumarin and oakmoss. Many men's fragrances belong to this family of fragrances, which is characterized by its sharp herbaceous and woody scent.
  • Leather: A family of fragrances which features the scents honey, tobacco, wood, and wood tars in its middle or base notes and a scent that alludes to leather.
  • Woody: Fragrances that are dominated by the woody scents, typically of sandalwood and cedar. Patchouli, with its camphorous smell, is commonly found in perfumes of this fragrance family.
  • Orientals or ambers: A large fragrance class featuring the scents of vanilla and animal scents together with flowers and woods. Typically enhanced by camphorous oils and incense resins, which bring to mind Victorian era imagery of the Middle East and Far East.
  • Citrus: An old fragrance family that until recently consisted mainly of "freshening" Eau de colognes due to the low tenacity of citrus scents. Development of newer fragrance compounds has allowed for the creation of primarily citrus fragrances.

Read more at Wikipedia.org


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1976 Jovan International Collection Men Ad1976 Jovan International Collection Men Ad $12.95 1966 Ad Evyan Perfumes White Shoulders Bath Drop Luxury1966 Ad Evyan Perfumes White Shoulders Bath Drop Luxury
1965 Ad Seven Seas After Shave Cologne Sexy Girl Beach1965 Ad Seven Seas After Shave Cologne Sexy Girl Beach $4.99 1939 Vintage Print Ad, Anticipation Perfume, Lentheric!1939 Vintage Print Ad, Anticipation Perfume, Lentheric! $9.99
1969 Lea Mallenius has Soft Spot Old Spice Ad1969 Lea Mallenius has Soft Spot Old Spice Ad $12.95 1967 Ad English Leather Lime After Shave Cologne1967 Ad English Leather Lime After Shave Cologne $4.99
1955 Ad Max Factor Electrique Fragrance Lightning1955 Ad Max Factor Electrique Fragrance Lightning $4.99 1892 Print Ad Cygnet Brand Eucalyptus Oil Known Olesoa1892 Print Ad Cygnet Brand Eucalyptus Oil Known Olesoa
1953 Shocking de Schiaparelli Bath Sponges print ad1953 Shocking de Schiaparelli Bath Sponges print ad $9.95 2006 Ad With Love Perfume Hilary Duff at Piano New2006 Ad With Love Perfume Hilary Duff at Piano New $4.99
1892 Print Ad Aromatic Tincture of Orange Best Syrup1892 Print Ad Aromatic Tincture of Orange Best Syrup $5.99 1970 Oland for Men Avon Cologne Ad1970 Oland for Men Avon Cologne Ad $12.95
1926 Print Ad Houbigant Paris Fougere Royale Fragrance1926 Print Ad Houbigant Paris Fougere Royale Fragrance $5.99 1892 Print Ad Wm R Warner Sugar Coated Gelatin Pills1892 Print Ad Wm R Warner Sugar Coated Gelatin Pills $5.99
1955 Old Spice Fragrance Gift Boxes Set Ad Christmas1955 Old Spice Fragrance Gift Boxes Set Ad Christmas $9.99 1892 Print Ad Jr Witzel Tablet Machine Best in World1892 Print Ad Jr Witzel Tablet Machine Best in World $5.99
1892 Print Ad Mellins Food for Infants and Invalids1892 Print Ad Mellins Food for Infants and Invalids $5.99 Mary Dunhill Christmas Cologne Vintage 1941 Ad SharpMary Dunhill Christmas Cologne Vintage 1941 Ad Sharp $5.99
1956 Ad Kings Men After Shave Lotion Knight in Armour1956 Ad Kings Men After Shave Lotion Knight in Armour $4.99 2007 Magazine Ad M Perfume Mariah Carey Nude Water2007 Magazine Ad M Perfume Mariah Carey Nude Water $4.99
2007 Magazine Ad Vera Wang Perfume Man Kissing Shoulder2007 Magazine Ad Vera Wang Perfume Man Kissing Shoulder $4.99 1892 Print Ad Goodrich Hard Rubber Syringes all Sizes1892 Print Ad Goodrich Hard Rubber Syringes all Sizes $5.99
Lady Stetson How the West Was Won 1996 Magazine Ad B+Lady Stetson How the West Was Won 1996 Magazine Ad B+ $5.00 1979 Ad Chamade Perfume by Guerlain Couple Kissing1979 Ad Chamade Perfume by Guerlain Couple Kissing $4.99
1892 Print Ad Anderson's Tablet Machines More per Hour1892 Print Ad Anderson's Tablet Machines More per Hour $5.99 1892 Print Ad Williams Davis Brooks and Co Proposition1892 Print Ad Williams Davis Brooks and Co Proposition $5.99
1892 Print Ad Bg Dodge Corks Cork Factory Lancaster Pa1892 Print Ad Bg Dodge Corks Cork Factory Lancaster Pa $5.99 1892 Print Ad Barnstead Patent Water Purifier and Still1892 Print Ad Barnstead Patent Water Purifier and Still $5.99
1977 Vintage Ad Cabriole Perfume Woman Watch Her1977 Vintage Ad Cabriole Perfume Woman Watch Her $4.99 1950 Chanel Bois Des Iles Perfume Bottle photo ad1950 Chanel Bois Des Iles Perfume Bottle photo ad $8.79
1892 Print Ad Us Mailing Case Company Liquid Cases1892 Print Ad Us Mailing Case Company Liquid Cases $5.99 2006 Ad Curious Fragrance Britney Spears Do You Dare2006 Ad Curious Fragrance Britney Spears Do You Dare $4.99
1980 Ad Brut Cologne For Men Spray deodorant Green1980 Ad Brut Cologne For Men Spray deodorant Green $4.99 Quorum. A Cologne For The Other Man Inside 80s Mag AdQuorum. A Cologne For The Other Man Inside 80s Mag Ad $4.65
1963 Coty Emeraude & L'Aiment Womens French Perfume Ad1963 Coty Emeraude & L'Aiment Womens French Perfume Ad $6.99 2007 Magazine Ad Kenneth Cole Reaction Cologne2007 Magazine Ad Kenneth Cole Reaction Cologne $4.99
1947 Lanvin Perfume Nude Women Scandal Arpege My Sin Ad1947 Lanvin Perfume Nude Women Scandal Arpege My Sin Ad $9.99 1939 Vintage Print Ad, Lanvin Perfumes, My Sin, Arpege!1939 Vintage Print Ad, Lanvin Perfumes, My Sin, Arpege! $9.99
Old Spice - Father's Day - Vintage Magazine AdOld Spice - Father's Day - Vintage Magazine Ad $4.99 1994 glamour ad for Tuscany by Estee Lauder1994 glamour ad for Tuscany by Estee Lauder $9.99
1953 Guerlain Shalimar Perfume Bottle Photo print ad1953 Guerlain Shalimar Perfume Bottle Photo print ad $9.95 1892 Print Ad The Dr Bury Remedies Lung Balsam Catarrh1892 Print Ad The Dr Bury Remedies Lung Balsam Catarrh $5.99
1965 Ad Arpege Perfume Fragrance Naked Sexy Brunette1965 Ad Arpege Perfume Fragrance Naked Sexy Brunette $4.99 1961 Ad Yardley Christmas Gift Sets Wrapped Treasure1961 Ad Yardley Christmas Gift Sets Wrapped Treasure $4.99
10 Cent "Be Irresistible Tonight" Tin Sign Print Poster10 Cent "Be Irresistible Tonight" Tin Sign Print Poster 1951 Vintage Early American Shulton Fragrances Print Ad1951 Vintage Early American Shulton Fragrances Print Ad $4.99
1963 Guerlain Shalimar Perfume 3Products Photo print ad1963 Guerlain Shalimar Perfume 3Products Photo print ad $9.95
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